Meso- and thermo-Mediterranean steppes of North Africa, Spain, southern France, Italy and the central Mediterranean islands, Greece, the Balkans and western Asia, constituted by cespitose andropogonid grasses such as Hyparrhenia hirta, Andropogon distachyos, Heteropogon contortus, Dichanthium insculptum, Dichanthium ischaemum (Andropogon ischaemum, Bothriochloa ischaemum) or Chrysopogon gryllus.