Pinus pinaster ssp. atlantica forests with a subcanopy of Quercus ilex, Arbutus unedo and sometimes Quercus pubescens or Quercus robur and an undergrowth of Rubia peregrina, Cistus salvifolius, Daphne gnidium and, in the more acid stands, Ulex europaeus, Cytisus scoparius, Erica scoparia or, in more calcareous ones, Hedera helix, Ruscus aculeatus, developed on mostly calcareous inner dunes of the low-rainfall coasts of Vendé, Charente-maritime and northern Gironde, including the islands of Noirmoutier, Yeu, Ré‚ and Oléron.