Quercus ilex forests with exuberant undergrowth of Mediterranean, often lauriphyllous, small trees, shrubs, and lianas, including Laurus nobilis, Rhamnus alaternus, Arbutus unedo, Phillyrea media, Rosa sempervirens, Rubia peregrina, Smilax aspera, Hedera helix, often well-preserved on steep slopes of the calcareous mountains rising above the southern coast of the Bay of Biscay.