Liste des biotopes et milieux floristiques.Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS
D1.11 - Niveau 4 : Tourbières hautes actives, relativement peu dégradées
Description
Taxons.
Eriophorum vaginatum L., 1753, Oxycoccus palustris Pers., 1805, Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. ex Hoffm., 1796, Sphagnum fallax (H.Klinggr.) H.Klinggr., 1880, Sphagnum L., 1753, Sphagnum magellanicum Brid., 1798, Sphagnum palustre L., 1753, Vaccinium L., 1753,
D1.111 - Niveau 5 : Buttes, bourrelets et pelouses des tourbières hautes
Description
Vegetation of the higher parts of the plateau of Palaearctic bogs and of its drier, marginal slope. Intact, typical, raised bogs of northern, lowland and low montane central and eastern Europe display an alternance of well-marked sphagnum hummocks, colonized or not, especially in their drier upper part, by small shrubs, lower, wetter, flat lawns and wet hollows or schlenken. Sphagnum hummocks with no, or few, shrubs are listed in unit D1.1111, sphagnum hummocks, or parts of them, colonized by shrubs in unit D1.1113, lawns in unit D1.1112. In bogs under strong oceanic influence, in high-altitude bogs, in bogs subjected to minerotrophic influences or anthropogenic degradation, a sparse cover of shrubs or tussock-forming graminoids may become ubiquitous and the distinction between hummock and lawn, or even between hummock, lawn and hollow, blurred, in bogs that are often somewhat intermediate towards blanket bogs. Such communities are listed in units D1.1114 to D1.1116, as well as in D1.114 and in D1.121; in some of them sphagna may be scarce or replaced by bryopsid mosses. Well-defined sphagnum hummocks of unit D1.1111 may nevertheless develop in conjunction with them. The dominance role is played by deergrass, Scirpus cespitosus, in montane central European bogs, or parts of bogs listed in unit D1.1114. In Atlantic bogs listed in unit D1.1115 it is played by Erica tetralix. Somewhat degraded bogs, in particular, bogs affected by anthropozoogenic influences in Atlantic climates, may be overwhelmingly dominated by Eriophorum vaginatum, usually with complete blurring of the structure. They are listed in unit D1.1116. More severely degraded bogs, invaded by Molinia caerulea, are listed in unit D1.121. The highly distinctive shrub and sphagnum or shrub and moss hummocks bog expanses of the montane, rapidly dessicating, bogs of the boreal and subarctic zones are listed in unit D1.114 Sphagnum hummocks forming in acidic fens (unit D2.2), transition mires (unit D2.3) or, sometimes, rich fens (unit D4.1), are also indicated by codes of units D1.1111 or D1.1113.
Taxons.
Erica tetralix L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Eriophorum vaginatum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Scirpus cespitosus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Eriophorum vaginatum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Scirpus cespitosus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentent)