Spring communities of mostly collinar and montane, shaded waters poor in lime of the Palaearctic domaine, with Ranunculus hederaceus, Cardamine amara, Cardamine flexuosa, Cardamine raphanifolia, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Saxifraga clusii ssp. lepismigena, ranging southwest to the Cordillera Cantabrica.