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Biotopes & milieux

Biotope - Typologie CORINE

54.12 - Niveau 4 : Sources d'eaux dures
Description
Calcareous, often petrifying, springs. Their specialized communities, usually dominated by bryophytes, belong to the Cratoneurion commutati. Characteristic species are the mosses Cratoneuron filicinum, C. commutatum, C. commutatum var. falcatum, Catoscopium nigritum, Eucladium verticillatum, Gymnostomum recurvirostrae, with Equisetum telmateia, E. variegatum and flowering plants including Cochlearea pyrenaica, Arabis soyeri, Pinguicula vulgaris, Saxifraga aizoides. The associated swamp communities belong to the Caricetalia davallianae and their presence can be recorded by the use, simultaneously with one of the codes of 54.12, of a code of 54.2. Large petrifying springs form tufa cones that constitute singular habitats with several interacting plant and animal communities; they have thus been individualized below.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Alchemilla coriacea Buser, 1891, Arabis soyeri subsp. subcoriacea (Gren.) Breistr., 1947, Bartsia alpina L., 1753, Bellidiastrum michelii Cass., 1817, Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre, 1800, Caltha palustris subsp. palustris L., 1753, Cardamine asarifolia L., 1753, Chaerophyllum hirsutum var. calabricum (Guss. ex DC.) Paol., 1900, Cochlearia pyrenaica DC., 1821, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv., 1812, Epilobium alsinifolium Vill., 1779, Epilobium parviflorum Schreb., 1771, Equisetum palustre L., 1753, Eupatorium cannabinum subsp. cannabinum L., 1753, Micranthes stellaris (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano, 2005, Saxifraga aizoides L., 1753,
54.121 - Niveau 5 : Cônes de tufs
Description
Large tufa deposits of petrifying springs. When active, they comprise a hydrosere in which the Cratoneurion plants, and in particular, Cratoneuron spp., are accompanied by fen species such as Carex lepidocarpa and Sesleria caerulea; the latter may physiognomically dominate both the hydrosere and the adjacent xerosere, developed on fossil tufa deposits, in which it is accompanied by Brometalia plants.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Caltha palustris subsp. palustris L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Cardamine raphanifolia Pourr., 1788 ( Comb. caract. )
Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Cochlearia pyrenaica DC., 1821 ( Comb. caract. )
Epilobium alsinifolium Vill., 1779 ( Comb. caract. )
Pinguicula grandiflora subsp. grandiflora Lam., 1789 ( Comb. caract. )
Saxifraga aizoides L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte — nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité