OmniBota — Milieux

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Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS

D4.13 - Niveau 4 : Bas-marais subcontinentaux à Carex davalliana

Description

Diverse, often extensive, calcareous fen communities of Central Europe, with Carex davalliana, Carex hostiana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex capillaris, Carex panicea, Carex nigra, Carex demissa, Carex flava, Carex pulicaris, Eriophorum latifolium, Blysmus compressus, Schoenus ferrugineus, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus articulatus, Juncus subnodulosus, Scirpus cespitosus, Molinia caerulea, Tofieldia calyculata, Allium schoenoprasum, Potentilla erecta, Swertia perennis, Primula farinosa, Parnassia palustris, Pinguicula vulgaris and a moss layer often dominated by brown mosses. They have their greatest species diversity in Alpine and peri-Alpine regions, and are represented by impoverished outlyers north to the middle European Hercynian system. Small sedges are usually abundant and dominance may be mixed or achieved by species of genus Carex, in particular, Carex davalliana, by Eriophorum latifolium or by Scirpus cespitosus. Vegetation of alliances Caricion davallianae and Sphagno warnstorfiani-Tomenthypnion.

Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)

Allium schoenoprasum L., 1753, Blysmus compressus (L.) Panz. ex Link, 1827, Carex capillaris Leers, 1775, Carex davalliana Sm., 1800, Carex demissa Vahl ex Hartm., 1820 [nom. illeg. hom.], Carex flava L., 1753, Carex hostiana DC., 1813, Carex L., 1753, Carex lepidocarpa Tausch, 1834, Carex nigra All., 1785, Carex panicea L., 1753, Carex pulicaris L., 1753, Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O.Schwarz, 1949, Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe, 1800, Juncus articulatus L., 1753, Juncus subnodulosus Schrank, 1789, Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench, 1794, Parnassia palustris L., 1753, Pinguicula vulgaris L., 1753, Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch., 1797, Primula farinosa auct. non L., 1753, Schoenus ferrugineus Krock., 1787, Scirpus cespitosus L., 1753, Swertia perennis L., 1753, Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., 1812,

D4.131 - Niveau 5 : Bas-marais périalpins à Laîche de Davall

Description

Species-rich calcareous fens of the Alps, the Alpine piedmonts and peripheral plateaux, the Swiss plateau, the French, Swiss, Swabian, Franconian Jura and their periphery, often with a mixed dominance, usually with a particular prominence of Carex davalliana, Carex panicea, Carex hostiana, Carex nigra, Carex flacca or Eriophorum latifolium, sometimes of Carex microglochin, and with Carex lepidocarpa, Carex capillaris, Carex nigra, Carex demissa, Carex flava, Carex pulicaris, Blysmus compressus, Schoenus ferrugineus, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus articulatus, Scirpus cespitosus, Molinia caerulea, Tofieldia calyculata, Allium schoenoprasum, Potentilla erecta, Swertia perennis, Primula farinosa, Parnassia palustris, Pinguicula vulgaris and a moss layer formed by Drepanocladus intermedius, Cratoneuron glaucum, Campylium stellatum. These extremely species-rich communities are still represented by a few large, very well preserved examples on the Bavarian plateau. These are a refuge for many rare species, including the relict, threatened Pedicularis sceptrum-carolinum and the orchids Dactylorhiza traunsteineri, Dactylorhiza ochroleuca, Dactylorhiza incarnata, Herminium monorchis, Epipactis palustris. Elsewhere in their range, the Davall sedge fens have undergone a drastic reduction, leading to extinction in many areas.

Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)

Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)

Faible

Forte — nb espèces indicatrices par classe

Humidité

Réaction du sol (pH)

Nutriments

Lumière

Matière organique

Granulométrie

Salinité

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