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Biotopes & milieux

Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS

E3.41 - Niveau 4 : Prairies atlantiques et subatlantiques humides
Description
Lightly managed hay meadows and pastures on both basicline and acidocline, nutrient-rich permanently or temporarily humid soils of middle European lowlands, hills and low mountains under Atlantic or sub-Atlantic climatic conditions, from the British Isles and northwestern Iberia east to the Baltic States, the western Carpathians and Illyrian region. Among the characteristic plant components of the highly diverse communities forming this unit are Caltha palustris, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium rivulare, Cirsium oleraceum, Carduus personata, Telekia speciosa, Epilobium parviflorum, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Mentha aquatica, Scirpus sylvaticus, Stachys palustris, Bromus racemosus, Crepis paludosa, Fritillaria meleagris, Geum rivale, Polygonum bistorta, Senecio aquaticus, Trollius europaeus, Lotus uliginosus, Trifolium dubium, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum telmateia, Myosotis palustris, Deschampsia cespitosa, Angelica sylvestris, Oenanthe silaifolia, Gratiola officinalis, Inula salicina, Succisella inflexa, Dactylorhiza majalis, Ranunculus acris, Rumex acetosa, Holcus lanatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Festuca pratensis, Festuca gigantea, Juncus effusus, Juncus filiformis and Carex cespitosa.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Alopecurus pratensis L., 1753, Angelica sylvestris L., 1753, Bromus racemosus L., 1762, Caltha palustris L., 1753, Carduus personata (L.) Jacq., 1776, Carex cespitosa Gooden., 1794, Cirsium oleraceum (L.) Scop., 1769, Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop., 1772, Cirsium rivulare Link, 1822, Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench, 1794, Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) P.F.Hunt & Summerh., 1965, Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv., 1812, Epilobium parviflorum Schreb., 1771, Equisetum palustre L., 1753, Equisetum telmateia Ehrh., 1783, Festuca gigantea (L.) Vill., 1787, Festuca pratensis Huds., 1762, Fritillaria meleagris L., 1753, Geum rivale L., 1753, Gratiola officinalis L., 1753, Holcus lanatus L., 1753, Inula salicina L., 1753, Juncus effusus L., 1753, Juncus filiformis L., 1753, Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr, 1796, Lychnis flos-cuculi L., 1753, Mentha aquatica L., 1753, Myosotis palustris (L.) Hill, 1770 [ison.], Oenanthe silaifolia M.Bieb., 1819, Polygonum bistorta L., 1753, Ranunculus acris L., 1753, Rumex acetosa L., 1753 [nom. et typ. cons.], Scirpus sylvaticus L., 1753, Stachys palustris L., 1753, Succisella inflexa (Kluk) Beck, 1893, Telekia speciosa (Schreb.) Baumg., 1816, Trifolium dubium Sibth., 1794, Trollius europaeus L., 1753,
E3.41B - Niveau 5 : Prairies à Joncs et à Crételle
Description
Humid grasslands of sub-Atlantic Europe submitted to a mixed regime of haycutting and grazing, in particular, single early-summer cutting followed by later prolonged grazing, occupied by a mixture of species of mesophile pastures, notably Cynosurus cristatus, Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, and Molinietalia species resistant to changes in the exploitation regime, such as Juncus effusus, Juncus inflexus, Lychnis flos-cuculi, Cirsium palustre. These grasslands constitute transitions between mesophile grasslands of unit E2 and humid grasslands of E3.41, particularly of unit E3.414; they are also closely related to formations of unit E3.417.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop., 1772 ( Esp. caract. )
Cynosurus cristatus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus effusus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus inflexus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Lolium perenne L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Lychnis flos-cuculi L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Trifolium repens L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte — nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité