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Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS
E4.33 - Niveau 4 : Pelouses thermo-alpigènes subalpines acidophiles
Description
Subalpine thermophile formations on often skeletal soils of the southern Alps, the Pyrenees and, very locally, the Central Massif and the Apennines.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
E4.331 - Niveau 5 : Gazons thermo-alpigènes à Festuca paniculata
Description
Thermophile, luxuriant, relatively closed grasslands formed by the very tall, bluegrey Festuca paniculata (Festuca spadicea) on south-facing slopes (adrets) of the upper montane and lower subalpine levels of the Pyrenees, the southern Alps and, locally, the Central Massif and the Abruzzi; characteristic and often abundant accompanying species include Centaurea uniflora, Silene nutans, Trifolium montanum, Hieracium peleteranum, Hypochoeris maculata, Potentilla grandiflora, Lilium martagon, Eryngium alpinum, Luzula pediformis, Meum athamanticum, Nigritella nigra, Helictotrichon parlatorei, Asphodelus albus, Iris xiphioides, Paradisea liliastrum, Dianthus monspessulanus, Carduus defloratus. Many have been traditionally treated as hay meadows and are of extraordinary floristic richness; they are nowadays increasingly abandoned or left to grazing.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Asphodelus albus Mill., 1768 ( Esp. caract. )
Carduus defloratus L., 1759 ( Esp. caract. )
Centaurea uniflora L., 1767 ( Esp. caract. )
Dianthus monspessulanus L., 1759 ( Esp. caract. )
Eryngium alpinum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Festuca paniculata (L.) Schinz & Thell., 1913 ( Esp. caract. )
Festuca spadicea auct. non L., 1767 ( Esp. caract. )
Helictotrichon parlatorei (J.Woods) Pilg., 1938 ( Esp. caract. )
Hieracium peleterianum Mérat, 1812 ( Esp. caract. )
Hypochaeris maculata L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Iris xiphioides Ehrh., 1792 ( Esp. caract. )
Lilium martagon L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Luzula pediformis (Chaix) DC., 1805 ( Esp. caract. )
Meum athamanticum Jacq., 1776 ( Esp. caract. )
Nigritella nigra (L.) Rchb.f., 1851 ( Esp. caract. )
Paradisea liliastrum (L.) Bertol., 1840 ( Esp. caract. )
Potentilla grandiflora L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Silene nutans L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Trifolium montanum L., 1753 [p. 772] [nom. illeg. hom.] ( Esp. caract. )
Carduus defloratus L., 1759 ( Esp. caract. )
Centaurea uniflora L., 1767 ( Esp. caract. )
Dianthus monspessulanus L., 1759 ( Esp. caract. )
Eryngium alpinum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Festuca paniculata (L.) Schinz & Thell., 1913 ( Esp. caract. )
Festuca spadicea auct. non L., 1767 ( Esp. caract. )
Helictotrichon parlatorei (J.Woods) Pilg., 1938 ( Esp. caract. )
Hieracium peleterianum Mérat, 1812 ( Esp. caract. )
Hypochaeris maculata L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Iris xiphioides Ehrh., 1792 ( Esp. caract. )
Lilium martagon L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Luzula pediformis (Chaix) DC., 1805 ( Esp. caract. )
Meum athamanticum Jacq., 1776 ( Esp. caract. )
Nigritella nigra (L.) Rchb.f., 1851 ( Esp. caract. )
Paradisea liliastrum (L.) Bertol., 1840 ( Esp. caract. )
Potentilla grandiflora L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Silene nutans L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Trifolium montanum L., 1753 [p. 772] [nom. illeg. hom.] ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte
— nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité