Collinar and montane communities of sub-Mediterranean levels of southern and southeastern Europe, dominated by Juniperus communis, mostly Juniperus-dominated facies of units F3.22, F3.23 or F3.24, in particular, formations of Bulgaria, Greece and the F.Y.R. of Macedonia, such as the Juniperus communis-Pteridium aquilinum formations on deep soils of the Ostryo-Carpinion aegaeicum.