⌘K
Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS
G1.51 - Niveau 4 : Boulaies à Sphaignes
Description
Forests of Betula pubescens or Betula carpatica on peaty, humid and very acid soils, colonizing bogs of reduced peat building activity and acid fens of the boreal, sub-boreal and nemoral zones, very locally of the wooded steppe and steppe zones, with Molinia caerulea, Vaccinium spp., Empetrum nigrum, Trientalis europaea, Eriophorum vaginatum and many sphagna e.g. Sphagnum fallax, Sphagnum magellanicum, mosses and liverworts.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
G1.512 - Niveau 5 : Boulaies à Sphaignes et à Laîches
Description
Sphagnum-rich Betula pubescens or Betula carpatica woods of the boreal and nemoral western Palaearctic in which Molinia caerulea is accompanied by a cortège of acid fen species, in particular, Carex rostrata, Carex nigra, Carex echinata, Juncus acutiflorus, Agrostis canina, Narthecium ossifragum, Calamagrostis canescens and by ericoid shrubs, in particular Vaccinium uliginosum. Depending on water level, regime of inundation, history of ligneous colonization and nature of the initial stage, the undergrowth may be dominated by Molinia caerulea, by sedges Carex spp., by rushes Juncus spp., by Scirpus cespitosus or by ericoid shrubs, resulting in a number of rather distinctive habitats. Conifers, mostly Picea abies, may participate in the canopy of boreal, northeastern nemoral, Hercynian sub-boreal and pre-Alpine communities; Pinus sylvestris has its westernmost relict stations in northwestern stands. Fennoscandian formations have a number of northern species, in particular Calamagrostis purpurea, Cornus suecica, Empetrum spp., Rubus chamaemorus.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Agrostis canina L., 1753 [nom. et typ. cons.] ( Esp. caract. )
Betula carpatica Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd., 1805 ( Esp. caract. )
Betula pubescens Ehrh., 1791 ( Esp. caract. )
Calamagrostis canescens (Weber) Roth, 1789 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex echinata Desf., 1799 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex nigra All., 1785 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex rostrata Stokes, 1787 [nom. et typ. cons.] ( Esp. caract. )
Cornus suecica L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Empetrum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus acutiflorus Ehrh. ex Hoffm., 1791 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Narthecium ossifragum (L.) Huds., 1762 ( Esp. caract. )
Picea abies (L.) H.Karst., 1881 ( Esp. caract. )
Pinus sylvestris L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Scirpus cespitosus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium uliginosum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Betula carpatica Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd., 1805 ( Esp. caract. )
Betula pubescens Ehrh., 1791 ( Esp. caract. )
Calamagrostis canescens (Weber) Roth, 1789 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex echinata Desf., 1799 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex nigra All., 1785 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex rostrata Stokes, 1787 [nom. et typ. cons.] ( Esp. caract. )
Cornus suecica L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Empetrum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus acutiflorus Ehrh. ex Hoffm., 1791 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Narthecium ossifragum (L.) Huds., 1762 ( Esp. caract. )
Picea abies (L.) H.Karst., 1881 ( Esp. caract. )
Pinus sylvestris L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Scirpus cespitosus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium uliginosum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte
— nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité