Fagus sylvatica and, in higher mountains, Fagus sylvatica-Abies alba or Fagus sylvatica-Abies alba-Picea abies forests developed on acid soils of the medio-European domaine of central and northern Central Europe, with Luzula luzuloides, Polytrichum formosum and often Deschampsia flexuosa, Calamagrostis villosa, Calamagrostis arundinacea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Pteridium aquilinum and other species from sub-alliance Luzulo-Fagenion.