Calcareous cliff and rock communities of the Alps and the Carpathians, of lesser satellite ranges and of sub-Mediterranean areas of the northern Tyrrhenian periphery. Dominant species include ferns Asplenium ruta-muraria, Asplenium trichomanes, Asplenium viride, Cystopteris fragilis, Gymnocarpium robertianum, vascular plants (e.g.Saxifraga paniculata) and mosses.
Well-lit calcareous cliff and rock communities of the Alps and neighbouring regions, including upper Provence, upper Languedoc, the pre-Pyrenees and Corbières, the Catalonian mountains, with Potentilla caulescens, Potentilla clusiana, Potentilla nitida, Primula auricula, Hieracium humile, Cardaminopsis petraea, Androsace helvetica, Minuartia rupestris.