⌘K
Biotope - Typologie CORINE
51 - Niveau 2 : Tourbières hautes
Description
Highly oligotrophic, strongly acidic communities composed mainly of sphagnum growing on, and forming, peat and deriving moisture and nutrients only from rainfall (ombrotrophic). They form only in cool climates with heavy rainfall and are characteristic of lowlands and hills of northwestern and northern Europe, the adjacent Hercynian ranges, the Jura and the Alps. Their independence from ground water is the result either of upward growth or of changes in the water table. Bogs harbour, in addition to various sphagnum species, which are abundant, dominant and the major component of their formation, a small number of acidophilous plants such as Eriophorum vaginatum, Scirpus (Trichophorum) cespitosus, Carex pauciflora, C. paupercula, Ledum palustre, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Andromeda polifolia, Drosera rotundifolia and lichens. Animal species are not numerous but those that are adapted to bogs are highly specialised. Among typical invertebrates figure dragonflies (Leucorrhinia dubia, Aeshna subarctica, A. caerulea, A. juncea, Somatochlora arctica, S. alpestris), lepidopterans (Colias palaeno, Boloria aquilonaris, Coenonympha tullia, Vacciniina optilete, Hypenodes turfosalis, Eugraphe subrosea), beetles, ants (Formica exsecta), bugs and spiders (Pardosa sphagnicola, Glyphesis cottonae). Most of the species that bogs harbour are rare and their populations fragmented into isolated relictual elements; several are threatened. The remaining intact or nearly intact communities are exceptional.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
51.2 - Niveau 3 : Tourbières à Molinie bleue
Description
Drying, mowed or burned bogs invaded by Molinia caerulea.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Erica tetralix L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Eriophorum vaginatum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Hypnum jutlandicum Holmen & E.Warncke, 1969 ( Esp. diff. )
Juncus squarrosus L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ã…ngstr., 1845 ( Esp. diff. )
Sphagnum compactum Lam. & DC., 1805 ( Comb. caract. )
Sphagnum compactum Lam. & DC., 1805 ( Esp. diff. )
Sphagnum recurvum P.Beauv., 1805 ( Comb. caract. )
Sphagnum tenellum (Brid.) Pers. ex Brid., 1818 ( Esp. diff. )
Trichophorum cespitosum subsp. cespitosum (L.) Hartm., 1849 ( Esp. diff. )
Trichophorum cespitosum subsp. germanicum (Palla) Hegi, 1908 ( Comb. caract. )
Vaccinium uliginosum L., 1753 ( Esp. diff. )
Eriophorum vaginatum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Hypnum jutlandicum Holmen & E.Warncke, 1969 ( Esp. diff. )
Juncus squarrosus L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ã…ngstr., 1845 ( Esp. diff. )
Sphagnum compactum Lam. & DC., 1805 ( Comb. caract. )
Sphagnum compactum Lam. & DC., 1805 ( Esp. diff. )
Sphagnum recurvum P.Beauv., 1805 ( Comb. caract. )
Sphagnum tenellum (Brid.) Pers. ex Brid., 1818 ( Esp. diff. )
Trichophorum cespitosum subsp. cespitosum (L.) Hartm., 1849 ( Esp. diff. )
Trichophorum cespitosum subsp. germanicum (Palla) Hegi, 1908 ( Comb. caract. )
Vaccinium uliginosum L., 1753 ( Esp. diff. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte
— nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité