Ostrya carpinifolia-dominated woods of the montane Fagion medio-europaeum, Fagion illyricum, Fagion moesiacum, Fagion dacicum, Fagion hellenicum, developed at the upper limit of the altitudinal range of the forests of units G1.7C12 or G1.7C14, with an accompanying flora usually formed by a combination of beech forest and thermophilous oak forest species.