Forests of Quercus robur, sometimes Quercus petraea, rich in Fraxinus excelsior, with Carpinus betulus, developed on more or less wet, meso-eutrophic soils, in regions of moderate Atlantic influence, from southern Champagne and Lorraine north to lower Rhenania, Westphalia and Hanover, characterized by the abundance of species of the ecological groups of Primula elatior, of Lamium galeobdolon, of Anemone nemorosa and by the absence of Hyacinthoides non-ERREURa.