Acidophile fir forests of the montane or submontane levels of the outer Alps, the western Carpathians, the Jura, the Bohemian Quadrangle, the Black Forest, the Vosges, the Central Massif, the Pyrenees, locally of other mid-German Hercynian ranges, in particular, the Thüringer Wald, developed in stations edaphically or microclimatically unfavourable to beech, dominated by Abies alba accompanied to a varying extent by Picea abies and with a species cortège combining elements of the Piceetalia with those of the Fagetalia.