Woodland edge (hem) communities of warmth-requiring drought-resistant herbaceous perennials and frutescent vegetation forming a belt between dry or mesophile grasslands and the shrubby forest mantle, on the sunny side, where the nutrient supply is limited, or, sometimes, pioneering the woodland colonization into the grasslands.
Hems of xero-thermic mixed oak woods of the Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae and related communities, with Geranium sanguineum, Vincetoxicum hirundinaria, Tanacetum corymbosum, Bupleurum falcatum, B. longifolium, Origanum vulgare, Dictamnus albus, Anthericum ramosum, Fragaria viridis, Anemone sylvestris, Lathyrus pannonicus, Peucedanum officinale, P. cervaria, P. alsaticum, Laserpitium latifolium, Polygonatum odoratum, Rosa pimpinellifolia, Trifolium rubens, Clematis recta, Coronilla coronata, Melampyrum cristatum, Campanula bononiensis, C. rapunculoides, C. persicifolia, Veronica teucrium.