Dense formations of large, mostly deciduous, shrubs of nemoral affinities of the coastal dunes and dune-slacks of the boreal, nemoral, steppe, mediterranean and warm-temperate humid zones of the Palaearctic region; they include sea-buckthorn, privet, elder, willow, gorse or broom, often festooned with creepers such as honeysuckle or white bryony (Bryonia cretica).