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Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS
D4.1 - Niveau 3 : Bas-marais riches en bases, y compris les bas-marais eutrophes à hautes herbes, suintements et ruissellements calcaires
Description
Wetlands and spring-mires, seasonally or permanently waterlogged, with a soligenous or topogenous base-rich, often calcareous water supply. Peat formation, when it occurs, depends on a permanently high watertable. Rich fens may be dominated by small or larger graminoids (Carex spp., Eleocharis spp., Juncus spp., Molinia caerulea, Phragmites australis, Schoenus spp., Sesleria spp.) or tall herbs (e.g. Eupatorium cannabinum). Where the water is base-rich but nutrient-poor, small sedges usually dominate the mire vegetation, together with a "brown moss" carpet. Hard-water spring mires (D4.1N) often contain tufa cones and other tufa deposits. Excluded is the water body of hard-water springs (C2.1); calcareous flushes of the alpine zone are a separate category (D4.2). Rich fens are exceptionally endowed with spectacular, specialised, strictly restricted species. They are among the habitats that have undergone the most serious decline. They are essentially extinct in several regions and gravely endangered in much of central and western Europe.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
D4.14 - Niveau 4 : Bas-marais pyrénéens à Carex davalliana
Description
Uncommon calcareous fens of the Pyrenees, with Eriophorum latifolium, Carex davalliana, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex echinata, Carex rostrata, Carex flacca, Carex panicea, Carex paniculata, Carex ovalis, Eleocharis quinqueflora, Juncus articulatus, Juncus inflexus, Tofieldia calyculata, Epipactis palustris, Crepis paludosa, Parnassia palustris, Succisa pratensis, Pinguicula grandiflora.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Carex davalliana Sm., 1800 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex echinata Desf., 1799 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex flacca Schreb., 1771 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex lepidocarpa Tausch, 1834 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex ovalis Gooden., 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex panicea L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex paniculata L., 1755 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex rostrata Stokes, 1787 [nom. et typ. cons.] ( Esp. caract. )
Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O.Schwarz, 1949 ( Esp. caract. )
Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz, 1769 ( Esp. caract. )
Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe, 1800 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus articulatus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus inflexus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Parnassia palustris L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Pinguicula grandiflora Lam., 1789 ( Esp. caract. )
Succisa pratensis Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., 1812 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex echinata Desf., 1799 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex flacca Schreb., 1771 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex lepidocarpa Tausch, 1834 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex ovalis Gooden., 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex panicea L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex paniculata L., 1755 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex rostrata Stokes, 1787 [nom. et typ. cons.] ( Esp. caract. )
Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O.Schwarz, 1949 ( Esp. caract. )
Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz, 1769 ( Esp. caract. )
Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe, 1800 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus articulatus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Juncus inflexus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Parnassia palustris L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Pinguicula grandiflora Lam., 1789 ( Esp. caract. )
Succisa pratensis Moench, 1794 ( Esp. caract. )
Tofieldia calyculata (L.) Wahlenb., 1812 ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte
— nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité