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Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS
F2.2 - Niveau 3 : Landes et fourrés sempervirents alpins et subalpins
Description
Small, dwarf or prostrate shrub formations of the alpine and subalpine zones of mountains, dominated by ericaceous species, Dryas octopetala, dwarf junipers, brooms or greenweeds; Dryas heaths of the British Isles.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
F2.24 - Niveau 4 : Landes alpigènes des hautes montagnes à Empetrum et Vaccinium
Description
Dwarf heaths of alliances Loiseleurio-Vaccinion and Juncion trifidi dominated by Empetrum hermaphroditum, Empetrum nigrum and Vaccinium spp., with Arctostaphylos alpinus, Calluna vulgaris, Festuca supina, Avenula versicolor; lycopodes (Huperzia selago, Diphasiastrum alpinum), mosses (Barbilophozia lycopodioides, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus) and lichens (Cetraria islandica, Cladonia spp., Peltigera aphthosa) of the subalpine belt of the Alps, the Carpathians, the Dinarides, the Pyrenees, the Central Massif, the Sudeten, the Jura, the Northern Apennines, characteristic of relatively windswept, snow-free stations, in frost-exposure situations that are, however, less extreme than those prevailing where communities of unit F2.21 dominate. Unlike the formations of F2.21, those of F2.24 are clearly two-layered.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Arctostaphylos alpina (L.) Spreng., 1825 ( Esp. caract. )
Avenula versicolor (Vill.) LaÃnz, 1974 ( Esp. caract. )
Barbilophozia lycopodioides (Wallr.) Loeske, 1907 ( Esp. caract. )
Calluna vulgaris Salisb., 1802 [nom. inval.] ( Esp. caract. )
Diphasiastrum alpinum (L.) Holub, 1975 ( Esp. caract. )
Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup, 1927 ( Esp. caract. )
Empetrum nigrum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Festuca supina Schur, 1866 ( Esp. caract. )
Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schrank & Mart., 1829 ( Esp. caract. )
Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp., 1852 ( Esp. caract. )
Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt., 1869 ( Esp. caract. )
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst., 1906 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium myrtillus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium uliginosum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Avenula versicolor (Vill.) LaÃnz, 1974 ( Esp. caract. )
Barbilophozia lycopodioides (Wallr.) Loeske, 1907 ( Esp. caract. )
Calluna vulgaris Salisb., 1802 [nom. inval.] ( Esp. caract. )
Diphasiastrum alpinum (L.) Holub, 1975 ( Esp. caract. )
Empetrum hermaphroditum Hagerup, 1927 ( Esp. caract. )
Empetrum nigrum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Festuca supina Schur, 1866 ( Esp. caract. )
Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schrank & Mart., 1829 ( Esp. caract. )
Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp., 1852 ( Esp. caract. )
Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt., 1869 ( Esp. caract. )
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (Hedw.) Warnst., 1906 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium myrtillus L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium uliginosum L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte
— nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité