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Biotopes & milieux

Biotope - Typologie Européenne EUNIS

G1.6 - Niveau 3 : Hêtraies
Description
Forests dominated by beech Fagus sylvatica in western and central Europe, and Fagus orientalis and other Fagus species in southeastern Europe and the Pontic region. Many montane formations are mixed beech-fir or beech-fir-spruce forests, which are listed under G4.6
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Golfingia sp., Syllis sp.,
G1.66 - Niveau 4 : Hêtraies calcicoles médio-européennes
Description
Xero-thermophile Fagus sylvatica forests developed on calcareous, often superficial, soils, usually of steep slopes, of the medio-European and Atlantic domaines of Western Europe and of central and northern Central Europe (also present in Greece), with a generally abundant herb and shrub undergrowth, characterised by sedges (Carex spp.), grasses (Sesleria albicans, Brachypodium pinnatum), orchids (Cephalanthera spp., Neottia nidus-avis, Epipactis spp.) of alliance Cephalanthero-Fagenion and thermophile species, transgressive of the Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae. The bush-layer includes several calcicolous species (Ligustrum vulgare, Berberis vulgaris) and Buxus sempervirens can dominate.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Berberis vulgaris L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) P.Beauv., 1812 ( Esp. caract. )
Buxus sempervirens L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Carex L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Cephalanthera Rich., 1817 ( Esp. caract. )
Epipactis Zinn, 1757 ( Esp. caract. )
Fagus sylvatica L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Ligustrum vulgare L., 1753 ( Esp. caract. )
Neottia nidus-avis (L.) Rich., 1817 ( Esp. caract. )
Sesleria albicans Kit. ex Schult., 1814 ( Esp. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte — nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité