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Biotopes & milieux

Biotope - Typologie CORINE

36.31 - Niveau 4 : Gazons à Nard raide et groupements apparentés
Description
Closed grasslands of deep, acid soils of the Alps, Pyrenees, northern Apennines, Jura and higher Hercynian ranges, developed mostly and abundantly in the subalpine level, dominated or co-dominated by Nardus stricta, Festuca eskia, F. nigrescens, F. rubra, Alopecurus gerardii, Bellardiochloa (Poa) violacea, Carex sempervirens, Anthoxanthum odoratum.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Agrostis rupestris var. rupestris All., 1785, Ajuga pyramidalis L., 1753, Alchemilla alpina L., 1753, Arnica montana L., 1753, Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. lanceolata (Lapeyr.) J.-M.Tison, 2010, Carex pilulifera subsp. pilulifera L., 1753, Crepis conyzifolia (Gouan) A.Kern., 1872, Crocus vernus (L.) Hill, 1765, Cytisus sp., Daboecia sp., Dactylorhiza latifolia (L.) Soó, 1962 [nom. rej.] p.p., Dactylorhiza viridis (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, 1997, Daphne cneorum L., 1753, Dianthus seguieri subsp. pseudocollinus (P.Fourn.) Jauzein, 2010, Dianthus sylvaticus auct. non Hoppe ex Willd., 1809, Elatine sp., Epikeros pyrenaeus (L.) Raf., 1840, Euphrasia minima Jacq. ex DC., 1805, Festuca lemanii Bastard, 1809, Festuca rubra subsp. microphylla St.-Yves, 1922, Galium pumilum subsp. pumilum Murray, 1770, Galium saxatile L., 1753, Galium verum subsp. verum L., 1753, Genista sagittalis L., 1753, Gentiana lutea L., 1753, Gentiana lutea subsp. lutea L., 1753, Geum montanum L., 1753, Helictochloa versicolor subsp. versicolor (Vill.) Romero Zarco, 2011, Hypericum maculatum subsp. maculatum Crantz, 1763, Jacobaea adonidifolia (Loisel.) Mérat, 1812, Jasione laevis Lam., 1779, Jasione laevis subsp. laevis Lam., 1779, Koeleria pyramidata (Lam.) P.Beauv., 1812, Leontodon pyrenaicus Gouan, 1773, Leucanthemum delarbrei Timb.-Lagr. ex Lamotte, 1881, Lotus alpinus (DC.) Schleich. ex Ramond, 1825, Luzula campestris (L.) DC., 1805, Luzula desvauxii Kunth, 1841, Meum athamanticum Jacq., 1776, Mutellina adonidifolia (J.Gay) Gutermann, 2006, Nardus stricta L., 1753, Oligochaeta sp., Patzkea paniculata subsp. paniculata (L.) G.H.Loos, 2010, Phyteuma hemisphaericum L., 1753, Phyteuma orbiculare L., 1753, Plantago alpina L., 1753, Plantago atrata Hoppe, 1799, Potentilla aurea L., 1756, Protoblastenia sp., Ranunculus pyrenaeus L., 1771, Scorzoneroides pyrenaica (Gouan) Holub, 1977, Senecio doronicum (L.) L., 1759, Trifolium alpinum L., 1753, Trifolium thalii Vill., 1779, Tulipa sylvestris subsp. australis (Link) Pamp., 1914, Veronica officinalis L., 1753, Viola calcarata subsp. calcarata L., 1753, Viola lutea Huds., 1762, Zostera sp.,
36.311 - Niveau 5 : Nardaies mésophiles pyrénéo-alpines
Description
Subalpine and lower alpine mesophile grasslands dominated by, or rich in, Nardus stricta, of the Alps, the Pyrenees and, very locally, the Central Massif, the Jura and the northern Apennines; for the most part, they are heavily grazed grasslands with much reduced species diversity and overwhelming dominance of mat-grass.
Taxons (Liens actifs si espèces présentes)
Alchemilla alpina L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Alchemilla saxatilis Buser, 1891 ( Comb. caract. )
Corallinaceae sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Deschampsia flexuosa subsp. flexuosa (L.) Trin., 1836 ( Comb. caract. )
Dianthus pavonius Tausch, 1839 ( Comb. caract. )
Dianthus seguieri subsp. seguieri Vill., 1779 ( Comb. caract. )
Ectocarpaceae sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Empetrum sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Epikeros pyrenaeus (L.) Raf., 1840 ( Comb. caract. )
Erica sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Euphrasia minima subsp. minima Jacq. ex DC., 1805 ( Comb. caract. )
Festuca nigrescens Lam., 1788 ( Comb. caract. )
Festuca scabriculmis (Hack.) K.Richt., 1890 ( Comb. caract. )
Galium saxatile L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Genista pilosa subsp. pilosa L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Genista sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Gentiana acaulis subsp. acaulis L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Geum montanum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Glyceria sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Homogyne alpina (L.) Cass., 1821 ( Comb. caract. )
Hypericum maculatum subsp. maculatum Crantz, 1763 ( Comb. caract. )
Jasione laevis subsp. laevis Lam., 1779 ( Comb. caract. )
Juncus sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Leontodon pyrenaicus Gouan, 1773 ( Comb. caract. )
Luzula multiflora subsp. multiflora (Ehrh.) Lej., 1811 ( Comb. caract. )
Luzula sudetica (Willd.) Schult., 1814 ( Comb. caract. )
Nardus stricta L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Pedicularis tuberosa L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Phleum alpinum subsp. alpinum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Plantago maritima subsp. serpentina (All.) Arcang., 1882 ( Comb. caract. )
Polygala serpyllifolia Hose, 1797 ( Comb. caract. )
Polygonum viviparum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Potentilla aurea L., 1756 ( Comb. caract. )
Potentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch., 1797 ( Comb. caract. )
Potentilla grandiflora L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Sanguisorba officinalis L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Spio sp. ( Comb. caract. )
Trifolium alpinum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Trifolium montanum subsp. montanum L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Trifolium pratense subsp. nivale Ces., 1844 ( Comb. caract. )
Vaccinium myrtillus L., 1753 ( Comb. caract. )
Veronica allionii Vill., 1779 [nom. et typ. cons.] ( Comb. caract. )
Analyse Ecologie du milieu (En fonction des espèces présentes)
Faible
Forte — nb espèces indicatrices par classe
Humidité
Réaction du sol (pH)
Nutriments
Lumière
Matière organique
Granulométrie
Salinité